Iran households cut deeper into food budgets as incomes shrink
Iranian families across several regions described a rapid contraction of their diets in recent weeks, portraying kitchens reduced to bread-only meals as prices rose sharply across the country as reflected in multiple messages shared with Iran International.
Average monthly incomes now stand near $200, leaving millions unable to keep pace with food inflation. Many respondents said basic protein disappeared from their tables months ago.
“Our daily cost for five people is about 30,000,000 rials (around $27), not even counting meat, oil or rice,” one respondent said. “Our table has not just shrunk, it has been wiped out,” the message said.
Another described a timeline of disappearing foods: meat long ago, dairy a year ago, chicken six months ago, fruit four months ago. “It costs 1,000,000 rials (about $0.90) every time we buy bread. There is not much distance left until absolute hunger,” the person said.
One self-described employee earning 220,000,000 rials (around $195) a month and renting on a city’s outskirts said survival required queuing for subsidized poultry. “We removed meat from our diet at Nowruz because we were coming up short,” the message said.
Several said long-considered staples – Iranian rice, fish, nuts, fresh fruit and legumes – had become aspirations. “We eat only bread, yogurt and rice from morning to night,” another message said.
Health concerns mounting
In mid-October, domestic outlets reported that roughly 35 percent of recorded deaths were linked to undernutrition. Health ministry estimates say at least 10,000 people die each year from shortages of omega-3 fatty acids, another 10,000 from low fruit and vegetable intake, and about 25,000 from insufficient whole grains.
Shortages extend beyond food. “People are cutting doctor visits and medicine before anything else,” another respondent wrote. “We live on luck alone.”
One family of four said six months had passed since they last bought meat. “Life has become hard. My 16-year-old son left school to work, yet we still cannot cover daily needs,” the message said.
Another wrote that the essentials most families consider the heart of a meal – red meat, chicken and fish – were now out of reach. “If this government continues, the rest will disappear too, whether we like it or not,” the person said.
Many described a shift to cheaper staples. “Everything has been removed from my basket: fruit, dairy, meat, legumes. The only things I can still manage, with difficulty, are Indian rice, eggs and potatoes,” one message said.
Middle-class erosion
Several respondents who once identified with the middle class said they were now buying fruit with difficulty. “We take four apples, some pears, persimmons, cucumbers and oranges – it reaches 20,000,000 rials (around $18). One kilo of meat is 15,000,000 rials (about $13),” a message said, calling the situation “frightening and broken.”
Travel – once a marker of modest stability – has vanished. “Red meat, chicken, fish, clothes and gold have become dreams. Travel is zero,” one person said.
Amid the accounts of vanished foods, one message pressed for solutions rather than surveys. “We need a way out, not a question whose answer we all already know,” the person said.
Independent labor and pensioner groups warned in a joint 21 October statement that worsening living conditions and unanswered demands were pushing more workers, teachers and retirees toward street-level protest. They wrote that daily demonstrations reflected a determination to “win rights and express grievances” despite the economic strain.
The broad concern running through the messages is not only what families can no longer buy, but how long they can endure a decline that has turned routine meals into calculations of survival.
Two Democratic members of the United States Congress urged the Secretary of State and CIA Director to investigate a large shipment of missile propellant precursor material from China to Iran.
Representatives Raja Krishnamoorthi and Joe Courtney sent a letter to Secretary of State Marco Rubio and CIA Director John Ratcliffe on Wednesday, calling for a probe into Chinese firms' delivery of 2,000 tons of sodium perchlorate - a critical ingredient in making ballistic missile propellant - to Iran since late September in violation of UN sanctions.
The chemical shipped via 10 to 12 vessels to Bandar Abbas port, could fuel up to 500 mid-range missiles, accelerating Tehran's arsenal rebuild after a 12-day war with Israel in June, the congressmen said based on report previously appeared on CNN.
The letter said the shipments contravene September's reinstated UN sanctions prohibiting support for Iran's ballistic missile program and nuclear delivery systems.
“Beijing's aid enables Tehran's post-war rearmament efforts despite US efforts to deter such transfers,” the lawmakers said. “April Treasury sanctions on Iranian and Chinese entities failed to halt the flow, as shipments continued unabated with another 1,000 tons delivered in June.”
Iran has rejected reported US demands that it curb the range of its missiles to achieve any peace deal, calling the requests a non-starter which curbs its defense.
Sanction enforcement
In April the US Treasury sanctioned several Iranian and Chinese entities for facilitating transfers of sodium perchlorate and similar chemical precursors to the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) for ballistic missile production.
"Beijing’s continued transfers to Tehran represent a direct threat to regional stability and enable authoritarian aggression," the lawmakers said, asking for details on US countermeasures and coordination with allies.
The letter said the shipments were tracked through cargo manifests, crew social media, and shipping data. Several vessels, including the sanctioned MV Basht, disabled Automatic Identification System (AIS) tracking to disguise their movements.
The transfers involved previously sanctioned Chinese entities like Shenzhen Amor Logistics and Yanling Chuanxing Chemical Plant, targeted in April Treasury sanctions.
Unofficial accounts pointed to sodium perchlorate and other compounds imported from China for Iran’s missile program as the cause of an April 26 blast at the Bandar Abbas port which killed 57 people. Authorities have denied any military link.
The United States on Tuesday announced sweeping sanctions on 32 individuals and companies across eight countries it accused of helping Iran rebuild its ballistic missile and drone programs.
A joke about a 10th century Persian poet Ferdowsi landed an Iranian female comedian a six-month prison term and mandatory homework on the bard amid the Islamic Republic's broader pivot toward nationalism following the June war with Israel.
Zeinab Mousavi had joked about the revered author of the national epic the Shahnameh (Book of Kings) in a comedy segment, incurring the stint behind bars and an order to prepare a supervised thesis on the poet.
Mousavi, known for her online satirical persona “Empress Kuzcooo” — a parody character of an elderly villager whose tightly worn hijab exposes only her nose — was convicted over the controversial segment posted on her social media in August.
The sketch, which recited verses from the Shahnameh with irreverent commentary, drew condemnation online and from prominent cultural figures who described it as an insult to Iran’s heritage.
According to a copy of the ruling published by her husband on social media, Mousavi must prepare a compulsory thesis under the supervision of the Ferdowsi Foundation and an instructor approved by the institution.
The thesis must address topics such as “Ferdowsi’s place in Iran’s national identity and culture” and “the importance of the Shahnameh in Persian literature.”
“The defendant is obligated, under the supervision of the Ferdowsi Foundation and with the guidance of an approved instructor, to prepare a compulsory thesis over a six-month period and defend it,” the verdict said.
The court also ordered her to conduct at least 120 hours of storytelling sessions for children and teenagers in underprivileged areas, using material from the Shahnameh, in coordination with the Institute for the Intellectual Development of Children and Young Adults and the Education Ministry.
The sentencing comes as Iranian authorities move to invoke nationalism and glorify Iran’s ancient history to promote unity, emphasizing nationalist symbols more heavily in public messaging following the June war with Israel.
Symbols of Iran’s pre-Islamic past had long been shunned by the theocracy.
The Shahnameh largely recounts the tales of Iranian kings before the Arab conquest and the advent of Islam during the 7th and early 8th centuries.
Mousavi has been arrested several times on charges such as “insulting religious sanctities,” often in connection with satire aimed at the country’s compulsory hijab laws.
She was detained for around a month in October 2022 during Iran’s nationwide Woman, Life, Freedom protests sparked by the death in morality police custody of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini.
Canada disrupted multiple potentially fatal plots by Iranian intelligence services targeting perceived enemies on Canadian soil, spy chief Dan Rogers said on Thursday.
“In particularly alarming cases over the last year, we’ve had to reprioritize our operations to counter the actions of Iranian intelligence services and their proxies who have targeted individuals they perceive as threats to their regime,” Rogers said in a public speech streamed live in Ottawa.
“In more than one case, this involved detecting, investigating and disrupting potentially lethal threats against individuals in Canada,” added Rogers, who leads the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS).
Canada severed diplomatic relations with Iran in 2012 and has issued a series of sanctions over Tehran’s human rights abuses and designated Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) a terrorist entity in 2024.
There are nearly 300,000 people in Canada of Iranian descent according to a 2021 Census, making it the world's second-largest diaspora community after the United States.
Rogers described the actions of Iran, along with those of India and China, as "transnational repression" which his agency along with law enforcement were determined to confront.
Canada has levied a series of sanctions on Iran for human rights abuses since the Women, Life Freedom protest movement after the death of a young woman, Mahsa Amini, in morality police custody in 2022.
In March, Canada imposed sanctions under the Special Economic Measures (Iran) Regulations against three Iranian individuals and four entities for what it described as gross human rights violations, including repression of women and girls.
The move meant 208 Iran-linked individuals and 254 entities in total were sanctioned by authorities.
Iran's President Masoud Pezeshkian is coming under growing pressure for what critics call his failure to match tough talk on economic reform with concrete action.
The pressure comes amid rising inflation, stagnant growth and deepening shortages of energy and water that have strained public patience.
Experts warn the situation could deteriorate further next year, when the full impact of renewed UN sanctions triggered by European powers is expected to hit Iran’s already fragile economy.
Economist Morteza Afghah told the moderate outlet Fararu on November 12 that Pezeshkian’s call for eight-percent annual growth—echoed by Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei—was “unattainable even without the war with Israel and Europe’s snapback sanctions.”
He said Iran’s fifth development plan had already fallen far behind schedule and criticized Pezeshkian for repeatedly insisting that “major economic problems should be solved” without offering specifics.
“Which of the people’s problems can be solved by repeating that over and over?” he asked.
'Wasteful'
Conservative commentator Vahid Yaminpour made a similar point in a televised debate with a member of Pezeshkian’s media team, saying the president had invoked the country’s economic malaise nine times in less than a week without offering a semblance of a solution.
One such instance came earlier that day, when Pezeshkian criticized the large annual budgets allocated to organizations he said served no useful purpose.
“Start cutting those budgets from my own office,” he told lawmakers, noting that the presidential office employs nearly 4,000 staff, though he believes it could function with 400.
Economist Mehdi Pazouki urged the president to move beyond rhetoric and impose discipline on government spending, highlighting the proliferation of parallel bodies performing overlapping tasks.
“The irregular expansion of the government is one of the main reasons for the rising inflation rate,” he told Fararu. “Without solving this problem, it will be too difficult to overcome inflation.”
Pazouki also ridiculed Pezeshkian’s pledge to deliver a “budget without deficit,” calling the assertion a “joke.”
'Unaware'
Last month, even the conservative establishment daily Jomhouri Eslami advised the president: “Cut off the budget of organizations that have no achievements. The only thing they do is act like devoted disciples of those who fund them.”
Such criticism has been leveled at every administration, and Pezeshkian appears no more capable—or willing—than his predecessors to confront it. But he is also developing a growing PR problem.
During Pezeshkian’s parliament address on Tuesday, speaker—and elections rival—Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf told the president that his economy minister Ahmad Meydari and his spokesperson Fatemeh Mohajerani did not grasp basic economic concepts.
Pezeshkian admitted he was unaware of what his own spokesperson had told the nation.
A Christian convert detained in Tehran’s Evin Prison was denied adequate medical care after suffering a spinal fracture from a fall, London-based rights group Article 18 reported.
Article 18, which promotes freedom of religion in Iran and documents the persecution of Christian converts, said Aida Najaflou, 44, fell from her top bunk in the early hours of October 31, fracturing her T12 vertebrae.
She was taken to Taleghani Hospital for an X-ray but returned to prison the same day on a stretcher, still in severe pain and without the surgery doctors recommended.
Protests from fellow prisoners later prompted officials to transfer her to Shahid Tajrish Hospital, where doctors again advised urgent surgery and physiotherapy.
Despite this, the group said Najaflou remains in prison without proper medical treatment.
Najaflou, who suffers from rheumatoid arthritis, had repeatedly warned prison authorities that climbing to the top bunk was unsafe, but her requests for a lower bed were ignored.
She was still recovering from a nine-hour operation when Ministry of Intelligence agents arrested her in February and has been denied adequate care throughout her detention, including during 65 days of solitary confinement in Ward 209 of Evin Prison.
Article 18 said she remains behind bars because her family cannot afford the $130,000 bail set for her in May, part of a broader pattern of heavy bail conditions imposed on Christian detainees.
As another example, the group said Iranian-Armenian pastor Joseph Shahbazian was released after a month only after posting $50,000 bail.
Under Iranian law, only ethnic Armenians and Assyrians born into Christianity are recognized as Christians. Conversion from Islam is prohibited.
According to US-based rights group Human Rights Activists in Iran (HRANA), around 11 percent of victims of religious-minority rights violations in Iran over the past decade have been Christians, particularly converts.
HRANA said Christians accounted for more than 9 percent of such cases last year.
Najaflou is being prosecuted in an Islamic Revolutionary court alongside two other Christian converts Joseph Shahbazian and Nasser Navard Gol-Tapeh.
They were charged earlier this year with gathering and collusion and propaganda against the Islamic Republic of Iran over ordinary Christian activities such as prayer meetings and baptisms, according to Article 18.
Article 18 said Najaflou also faces two additional charges — propaganda activity against Iran in cyberspace and propaganda in favor of groups opposed to Iran — over alleged posts on social media supporting the 2022 protests that erupted after the death of a young woman, Mahsa Jina Amini, in morality police custody.
She is also accused of allegedly criticizing slain Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah on social media.